The SIM card performs the following valuable functions:
1) Identification of a subscriber: The IMSI programmed on the SIM card, is the identity of a subscriber. Each IMSI is mapped to a mobile number and provisioned on the HLR to allow a subscriber to be identified.
2) Authentication of a subscriber: This is a process, where, using the authentication algorithm (COMP128V3 for 2/2.5 G GSM, CAVE for CDMA and Milenage for 3G) on the SIM card, a unique response is provided by each subscriber based on IMSI, Ki (stored on SIM) and RAND (provided by network). By matching this response with values computed on the network a legal subscriber is logged on to the network and he or she can now make use the services of the mobile service provider.
3) Storage: To store phone numbers and SMS.
4) Applications: The SIM Tool Kit or GSM 11.14 standard allows creating applications on the SIM to provide basic information on demand and other applications for m-commerce, chatting, cell broadcast, phonebook backup, location based services etc.
Subscriber information, such as the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), is
stored in the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM).
The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) can be used to store user-defined information
such as phonebook entries.
One of the advantages of the GSM architecture is that the SIM may be moved from one
Mobile Station to another. This makes upgrades very simple for the GSM telephone
user.
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